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沃爾瑪驗(yàn)廠Chuangsheng Csr

212016-1

沃爾瑪(WMT)整合全球采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)與利豐(LI&FUNG)
信息來(lái)源:驗(yàn)廠之家    瀏覽次數(shù):1705次

摘要:

全球第一大零售商沃爾瑪(Walmart)宣布與香港采購(gòu)公司利豐(Li Fung)建立戰(zhàn)略合作關(guān)系,向直接控制自有品牌產(chǎn)品每年1000億美元的采購(gòu)邁出了第一步。 沃爾瑪還任命埃德科沃杰斯基(Ed Kolodzieski)負(fù)責(zé)全球采購(gòu)計(jì)劃??莆纸芩够壳笆俏譅柆斊煜绿幘称D難的日本子
 

全球第一大零售商沃爾瑪(Walmart)宣布與香港采購(gòu)公司利豐(Li & Fung)建立戰(zhàn)略合作關(guān)系,向直接控制自有品牌產(chǎn)品每年1000億美元的采購(gòu)邁出了第一步。 
沃爾瑪還任命埃德?科沃杰斯基(Ed Kolodzieski)負(fù)責(zé)全球采購(gòu)計(jì)劃。科沃杰斯基目前是沃爾瑪旗下處境艱難的日本子公司西友(Seiyu)的負(fù)責(zé)人。這項(xiàng)任命提高了合作項(xiàng)目的受關(guān)注程度,沃爾瑪表示這一嘗試最終或能為其每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億美元。 
作為合作戰(zhàn)略的一部分,沃爾瑪將把部分現(xiàn)有采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)與利豐新成立的一個(gè)子公司合并。利豐在中國(guó)及世界各地的工廠與歐美零售商及品牌之間扮演著中間人的角色。 
但隨著沃爾瑪與制造商建立更為直接的關(guān)系,它有權(quán)在2016年獲得子公司的控制權(quán)――事實(shí)上沃爾瑪是與利豐簽署了轉(zhuǎn)包合約,利豐承包創(chuàng)建的子公司最終會(huì)成為沃爾瑪自有全球采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)的一部分。 
與之形成對(duì)比的是,美國(guó)其它零售商及品牌為了削減成本而放棄了采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)直接控制權(quán)。服裝公司麗詩(shī)加邦(Liz Claiborne)是上世紀(jì)90年代最早轉(zhuǎn)向全球制造商的美國(guó)品牌公司之一,去年該公司與利豐簽署了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議,由后者全權(quán)負(fù)責(zé)其全球采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)。 
利豐已經(jīng)在與沃爾瑪合作,但該公司表示,新的子公司W(wǎng)SG將提高它在沃爾瑪業(yè)務(wù)中所占份額,而且在運(yùn)營(yíng)的第一年,就能形成為美國(guó)零售巨頭沃爾瑪采購(gòu)價(jià)值高達(dá)20億美元的產(chǎn)品的能力。 
利豐總裁樂(lè)裕民(Bruce Rockowitz)表示:“沃爾瑪如此巨大,能夠?yàn)槔S帶來(lái)極大的價(jià)值?!彼a(bǔ)充道,WSG最初會(huì)雇用“數(shù)百名”員工?!癢SG將是一個(gè)迷你的利豐?!?nbsp;
  
沃爾瑪在中國(guó)的業(yè)務(wù)主要分為兩個(gè)部分,一是零售體系,即大賣(mài)場(chǎng);另一個(gè)是采購(gòu)體系,也就是沃爾瑪?shù)摹叭虿赊k”。但現(xiàn)如今,大賣(mài)場(chǎng)發(fā)展得紅紅火火,全球采辦卻成了“燙手的山芋”。日前,香港利豐與美國(guó)沃爾瑪簽訂了一系列采購(gòu)安排協(xié)議,成為其采購(gòu)代理。沃爾瑪將采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)委托給第三方來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng),在凸顯利豐作為全球采購(gòu)商實(shí)力的同時(shí),也在向市場(chǎng)表明,在現(xiàn)代流通體系構(gòu)建中,代理商的價(jià)值。 
  盡管香港利豐集團(tuán)的成功已是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí),但此次與沃爾瑪?shù)臓渴?,還是讓其在業(yè)界又“風(fēng)光”了一把。 
  日前,香港利豐有限公司(HK.0494)發(fā)布公告稱(chēng),已與美國(guó)沃爾瑪簽訂了一系列采購(gòu)安排協(xié)議,成為其采購(gòu)代理。所有協(xié)議均為非排他性協(xié)議,不包括對(duì)額度或運(yùn)輸?shù)囊?guī)定,但利豐預(yù)期首個(gè)營(yíng)運(yùn)財(cái)年采購(gòu)貨品將達(dá)20億美元。 
新政受益者 
據(jù)悉,沃爾瑪此前全球采購(gòu)的主力供應(yīng)商是美國(guó)進(jìn)口商,而全球采辦的設(shè)立主要是試圖讓海外沃爾瑪商店的買(mǎi)手能夠逐漸越過(guò)美國(guó)進(jìn)口商,直接向中國(guó)本土供應(yīng)商下訂單采購(gòu)。但由于種種原因,直到目前沃爾瑪總部買(mǎi)手仍然通過(guò)美國(guó)進(jìn)口商直接下單給工廠,進(jìn)口商與工廠也都沒(méi)有變,相反還多了一個(gè)全球采辦在中間接洽,徒增運(yùn)營(yíng)費(fèi)用。 
  為了整合采購(gòu)供應(yīng)鏈效益,控制成本,加大直采力度,沃爾瑪從2007年便開(kāi)始對(duì)全球采購(gòu)體系進(jìn)行變陣了。同年10月,沃爾瑪全球采辦裁員250人;2008年7月,沃爾瑪全球采購(gòu)質(zhì)檢工作外包,導(dǎo)致國(guó)內(nèi)4個(gè)辦事處的180名員工被裁。隨后,沃爾瑪還關(guān)閉了新加坡、菲律賓、斯里蘭卡、土耳其的采購(gòu)部門(mén)。 
  直到去年10月份,沃爾瑪公司才宣布以新成立的4個(gè)全球采購(gòu)中心(GMCs)為核心的統(tǒng)一的全球采購(gòu)架構(gòu)。此外,沃爾瑪也正轉(zhuǎn)向在全球直接采購(gòu)新鮮果蔬,而不通過(guò)供應(yīng)商?!靶鲁闪⒌娜虿少?gòu)中心是沃爾瑪公司新的采購(gòu)戰(zhàn)略中最大、最重要的組成部分?!?nbsp;
  據(jù)萊特透露,沃爾瑪全球采購(gòu)總戰(zhàn)略的核心將是不斷提高沃爾瑪公司自有品牌的直接采購(gòu)?,F(xiàn)在,沃爾瑪公司自有品牌年采購(gòu)額超過(guò)1000億美元,在這些商品中,直接從制造商采購(gòu)的比例不到五分之一。如果轉(zhuǎn)向直接采購(gòu),5年內(nèi)在整條供應(yīng)鏈上可節(jié)省5%~15%的成本。 
  值得注意的是,在新政最核心的板塊里,香港利豐集團(tuán)居然扮演了非常重要的角色,甚至也間接成了新政的受益者。據(jù)利豐公司內(nèi)部人士透露:“根據(jù)協(xié)議,利豐代理采購(gòu)的并不僅僅只是中國(guó)的商品,也不是單一的某一類(lèi)商品,而是為全世界的沃爾瑪商店采購(gòu)所需要的產(chǎn)品?!?nbsp;
  利豐集團(tuán)總裁樂(lè)裕民也表示:“此項(xiàng)目屬于‘營(yíng)業(yè)額大、毛利率較低’的交易,但我們看中該采購(gòu)協(xié)議年?duì)I業(yè)額的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)?!?nbsp;
重在供應(yīng)鏈 
誠(chéng)然,利豐在去年市況暗淡的情況下業(yè)務(wù)仍獲得20%的增長(zhǎng),達(dá)到141.95億美元。而作為香港最大的進(jìn)出口集團(tuán),該集團(tuán)的業(yè)務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)已擴(kuò)展至超過(guò)80個(gè)辦事處,分布全球40多個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體。 
  受其獲沃爾瑪采購(gòu)代理協(xié)議刺激,自該公告發(fā)布第二天,利豐 (00494-HK)便逆市漲8.51%。 
   沃爾瑪新政,為什么利豐就能分羹?對(duì)此,沃爾瑪方面稱(chēng),與利豐合作,可以彌補(bǔ)沃爾瑪全球采購(gòu)戰(zhàn)略中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),通過(guò)利豐的專(zhuān)業(yè)水平和強(qiáng)勁資源,幫助沃爾瑪在商品采購(gòu)價(jià)格上更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,同時(shí)還會(huì)提升沃爾瑪自有產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì),發(fā)展沃爾瑪綜合采購(gòu)能力。 
  據(jù)中國(guó)商報(bào)記者了解,除沃爾瑪外,另一美國(guó)連鎖超市Target也是利豐的客戶(hù)。 
  著名市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行調(diào)控專(zhuān)家、北京工商大學(xué)教授洪濤甚至認(rèn)為,利豐簽約沃爾瑪意義非常重大。洪濤說(shuō),沃爾瑪是全球最大的跨國(guó)零售商,選擇利豐集團(tuán)作為其采購(gòu)商,是強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合的典范,也充分顯示了沃爾瑪現(xiàn)代化的經(jīng)營(yíng)理念,將采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)委托給第三方來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng),能夠充分發(fā)揮沃爾瑪?shù)暮诵母?jìng)爭(zhēng)力,充分利用世界最優(yōu)秀的采購(gòu)商資源,形成最強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力。 
   洪濤告訴記者,利豐最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)便在于它遍布全球的、高效分工與合作的供應(yīng)鏈管理。始終堅(jiān)持以顧客為中心,以市場(chǎng)需求為原動(dòng)力;專(zhuān)注于核心業(yè)務(wù),建立核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力;與各企業(yè)緊密合作,共擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),共享利益;講求供應(yīng)鏈的信息化運(yùn)作;講究系統(tǒng)整體效率的提升;實(shí)現(xiàn)按需生產(chǎn),以減少存貨積壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn);盡量降低在采購(gòu)、庫(kù)存、運(yùn)輸和環(huán)節(jié)之間的成本。 
  洪濤舉例解釋說(shuō),當(dāng)利豐獲得來(lái)自歐洲一個(gè)零售商的1萬(wàn)件成衣訂單,它們則可能從韓國(guó)買(mǎi)紗并運(yùn)往臺(tái)灣進(jìn)行紡織和染色;然后在中國(guó)內(nèi)地的工廠訂購(gòu)拉鏈,之后出于配額和工人狀況考慮選擇在泰國(guó)生產(chǎn)。這樣,我們便能有效地為客戶(hù)打造一條價(jià)值鏈,盡可能滿(mǎn)足該客戶(hù)的需求。 
總經(jīng)銷(xiāo)總代理模式 
沃爾瑪與利豐的合作,再次證明了利豐獨(dú)特模式的魅力。去年10月份,商務(wù)部也出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步完善日用工業(yè)品流通體系的意見(jiàn)》,但具體如何完善,則仍值得探討。 
  早在《意見(jiàn)》出臺(tái)前5、6個(gè)月,商務(wù)部便多次組織“工業(yè)品流通體系構(gòu)建座談會(huì)”,商務(wù)部副部長(zhǎng)姜增偉多次領(lǐng)銜參與并指出,日用工業(yè)品目前已初步形成了“經(jīng)濟(jì)成分多元、流通渠道多種、經(jīng)營(yíng)方式多樣、流通環(huán)節(jié)減少”的流通格局,但真正具有較強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的流通企業(yè)較少,連接生產(chǎn)與銷(xiāo)售的功能薄弱;區(qū)域間產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡,應(yīng)對(duì)價(jià)格波動(dòng)與調(diào)節(jié)供求能力不足;批發(fā)體系重建進(jìn)度較慢等。 
  商務(wù)部商貿(mào)服務(wù)業(yè)司王曉川副司長(zhǎng)也認(rèn)為,在中國(guó)的流通產(chǎn)業(yè)中,缺少了一個(gè)重要的環(huán)節(jié),那就是進(jìn)口商這個(gè)角色。國(guó)外的進(jìn)口商都起到了兩個(gè)作用:對(duì)本國(guó)市場(chǎng)的評(píng)價(jià)和對(duì)付款的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān),而我國(guó)目前的流通產(chǎn)業(yè)當(dāng)中這樣的角色相當(dāng)缺乏,因此導(dǎo)致了上游企業(yè)和下游企業(yè)之間相互斷鏈,中間缺乏一個(gè)傳遞者。 
  “總經(jīng)銷(xiāo)總代理是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家工商企業(yè)普遍采用的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)方式,這是新時(shí)期完善我國(guó)工業(yè)品流通體系的一項(xiàng)重要舉措”。姜增偉提出,從零售企業(yè)的角度看,要大力推行總部采購(gòu),對(duì)條件成熟的供應(yīng)商,在城市中心采用集中采購(gòu)、統(tǒng)一結(jié)算、統(tǒng)一商務(wù)條件的采購(gòu)方式,逐步形成“總部對(duì)總部”的貨源采購(gòu)模式;尋求自營(yíng)模式突破口,不斷加大自營(yíng)比重;加強(qiáng)對(duì)品牌的經(jīng)營(yíng)能力等。 
   而這剛好與利豐模式極其吻合。難怪洪濤認(rèn)為,隨著計(jì)算機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,我國(guó)應(yīng)加快扶持一批“利豐模式”的工業(yè)品集成商,形成在全球供應(yīng)鏈中具有關(guān)鍵性作用的大型企業(yè)集團(tuán),而不是重新建設(shè)傳統(tǒng)的大型批發(fā)企業(yè),也不是建設(shè)傳統(tǒng)的批發(fā)市場(chǎng)?,F(xiàn)代大型批發(fā)企業(yè)成為在全球供應(yīng)鏈上的大型集成商,并起著關(guān)鍵性的作用,從而形成具有較大的規(guī)模,具有較強(qiáng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)全球供應(yīng)鏈的核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 
  《意見(jiàn)》也指出,以批發(fā)企業(yè)、第三方物流企業(yè)和大型零售企業(yè)為基礎(chǔ),培育一批有總經(jīng)銷(xiāo)和總代理能力的龍頭企業(yè),推動(dòng)零售企業(yè)提高自營(yíng)比例,增強(qiáng)應(yīng)急調(diào)控和市場(chǎng)保障能力。只是國(guó)內(nèi)很多工業(yè)品大多實(shí)行多級(jí)地區(qū)分銷(xiāo)代理制,一旦確立,均是具有排他性的。一個(gè)地區(qū)的統(tǒng)一購(gòu)進(jìn)勉強(qiáng)還可以實(shí)現(xiàn),跨地區(qū)的采購(gòu)就很難實(shí)現(xiàn)了。如何培育,還有待相關(guān)政策的出臺(tái)和市場(chǎng)的培育。我們也將拭目以待。 

 

 

LI FUNG undertaked WAL-MART GP 
LiFung Tower, 888 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: (852) 2300 2300 Fax: (852) 2300 2000  

www.lifung.com 
Member of Li & Fung Group 
Dear colleagues, 
I am pleased to announce a new global sourcing agreement with Walmart. 
Over the years, Li & Fung has been very fortunate in developing a strong sourcing 
relationship with Walmart, primarily through our LFUSA wholesale business. 
Under this new agreement, we have entered into a new direct sourcing 
relationship, in addition to our current wholesale business with Walmart. 
The sourcing agreement is a long-term strategic partnership with Walmart USA, 
Walmart International and Sam’s Club that we think will very quickly grow into a 
multi-billion dollar business relationship, US$2 billion of which we expect within the 
first 12 months. The agreement covers all product categories and should mirror 
Walmart’s product offering of 80% hardgoods and 20% apparel. We believe that 
this will be a great opportunity for both Li & Fung and for the factories from whom 
we source today. 
Global sourcing for Walmart will be serviced by teams within a newly created 
dedicated stream led by Dow Famulak and Emily Mak, both based in Hong Kong. 
The creation of the new stream will include personnel from Walmart’s existing 
global procurement organization but will also create an opportunity internally for 
many of our people. 
Spencer Fung will relocate to London and assume the role of CEO of LF Europe. 
William Fung and Marc Compagnon will oversee LF Three teams and accounts for 
the remainder of this year as we are still in the planning stages of the next threeyear 
plan. 
We will begin to work on many of the details involved and I am confident that we 
will have a long and successful relationship with Walmart. I would like to take this 
opportunity to congratulate Dow, Emily and Spencer on their new roles and thank 
you all in advance for your support. 
Kind regards, 
Bruce Rockowitz 

 

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Media Contacts: 
Intl. media: Kevin Gardner 
+1-479-273-4314 
In China: Christina Lee 
+86-10-5904-7217 
Investors: Carol Schumacher 
+1-479-277-1498 
Walmart Leverages Global Scale to Lower Costs of Goods, 
Accelerate Speed to Market, Improve Quality of Products 
Takes new approach to global sourcing, names Kolodzieski leader 
Forms strategic relationship with global sourcing leader Li & Fung 
BENTONVILLE, Ark., Jan. 28, 2010 –Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (NYSE: WMT) announced today a number of related events that position the company to leverage its global scale to reduce costs of goods, 
accelerate speed to market, and improve the quality of products. 
Walmart’s new global sourcing strategy involves the creation of Global Merchandising Centers, a change in leadership and structure,
 and a strategic alliance with Li & Fung, a global sourcing organization. 
Today’s announcements, according to Walmart vice chairman Eduardo Castro-Wright, are “important elements in the company’s strategy to deliver even greater value to its customers and shareholders.” 
Walmart first announced a consolidated global sourcing structure centered around new Global Merchandising Centers (GMCs) 
at its annual meeting for the investment community in October. This new structure is expected to leverage the company’s global scale in both general merchandise categories and global food sourcing. 
“The newly-established Global Merchandising Centers represent the largest and most important element of our new sourcing strategy,” 
Castro-Wright said. “These centers will create alignment between sourcing and merchandising and drive efficiencies across various merchandise categories.” 
The core of the company’s overall global sourcing strategy will be to continue increasing direct sourcing for the company’s private brands. Today, private brand merchandise represents more than $100 billion in purchasing annually. 
“Our new strategy and structure should drive significant savings across the supply chain," Castro-Wright said. 
Ed Kolodzieski, currently president and CEO of Walmart Japan Holdings G.K. and Seiyu, has been promoted to executive vice president and will lead Walmart’s Global Sourcing. Kolodzieski will report to Castro-Wright. 
As part of this new strategy, Walmart also finalized a series of agreements with Li & Fung. The agreements are non-exclusive and do not include volume or shipment commitments. The strategic alliance between the two companies will allow Walmart to realize 
the benefits of consolidating a portion of its sourcing portfolio. Li & Fung, which is forming a new company to manage the Walmart account, 
is expected to build capacity that would enable it to act as a buying agent for goods valued around US$2 billion within the first year. 
“In sum, we are redefining how we source products that are imported into Walmart retail markets around the globe,” Castro-Wright said. “By realigning our resources, leveraging our scale, and restructuring our relationship with suppliers, 
we will enable our businesses around the world to offer even more competitive pricing on merchandise and to 
provide our customers a clear and compelling assortment of better quality products at lower prices.” 
### 
About Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. 
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (NYSE: WMT), or “Walmart,” serves customers and members more than 200 million times per week at 
more than 8,000 retail units under 53 different banners in 15 countries. With fiscal year 2009 sales of $401 billion, 
Walmart employs more than 2.1 million associates worldwide. A leader in sustainability, corporate philanthropy and employment opportunity,
 Walmart ranked first among retailers in Fortune Magazine’s 2009 Most Admired Companies survey. Additional information about Walmart can be found by visiting

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